Raduga Kh-15 or RKV-15

The Raduga Kh-15 or RKV-15 is a Russian air-to-surface missile carried by the Tupolev Tu-22M and other bombers. Originally a standoff nuclear weapon similar to the US Air Force's AGM-69 SRAM, versions with conventional warheads have been developed.

The Kh-15 climbs to an altitude of about 40,000 m (130,000 ft) and then dives in on the target, accelerating to a speed of about Mach 5, which makes it the fastest aircraft-launched missile to date.

In 1967, MKB Raduga started developing the Kh-2000 as a replacement for the Kh-22 AS-4 'Kitchen' heavy anti-shipping missile. Development of the Kh-15 started some time in the early 1970s. The sophistication of the design made it suitable for other roles, and a nuclear-tipped version was developed in tandem with the conventionally-armed variant. An upgrade under development was cancelled in 1991, but reports in 1998 suggested an upgraded Kh-15 might be fitted to Su-35 tactical aircraft.

Raduga Kh-15 (NATO reporting name: AS-16 'Kickback')
Type	air-to-surface missile
Place of origin	Soviet Union
Service history
Used by	Russia
Production history
Designer	Raduga
Specifications
Weight	1,200 kg (2,650 lb)
Length	478 cm (15 ft 8 in)
Diameter	45.5 cm (17.9 in)
Warhead weight	150 kg (331 lb)
Wingspan	92 cm (36.2 in)
Operational range	300 km (160 nmi)
Speed	Up to Mach 5
Guidance system	inertial, active radar, or anti-radiation
Launch platform	Tu-95MS-6, Tu-22M3, and Tu-160

AS34 Kormoran

The AS34 Kormoran is a German-produced Anti-ship missile. The Kormoran (cormorant) uses an inertial guidance system for the midcourse phase, switching to active radar homing during the terminal attack phase. It carries a 165 kg (363 lb) delay-fused warhead, designed for 90mm of penetration prior to detonation. The maximum range is 23 km (~14 miles).

Development of the Kormoran started in 1962, being taken over by Messerschmitt-Bolkow-Blohm (now a part of EADS) in 1967. The missile was originally designed for anti-shipping roles in coastal waters, although it retains a secondary land-attack capability as well. It is currently deployed on the Panavia Tornado. 350 Kormoran 1s were produced.

The AS34 Kormoran 2 is an improved version of the AS.34 Kormoran 1. Development was started in 1983, with first flight and firing trials taking place in early 1986. The missile features an improved warhead, all-digital electronics, improved active radar seeker, increased ECM-resistance, a stronger booster rocket, a longer range, improved automated target selection, multiple launch capability, and an increased resistance to countermeasures.

While still using the same basic airframe as Kormoran 1, the Kormoran 2 has a greater range of 35km (21.7 miles) and a heavier 220 kg (485 lb) warhead.

Testing ended in 1987, and the missile entered service with the German Navy in 1991. Approximately 140 missiles were produced for Germany. The missile is now in service with the German Luftwaffe and Italian Air Force.

AS.34 Kormoran
Type	Medium-range, active radar homing air-to-surface missile
Place of origin	Germany
Service history
Used by	Germany, Italy
Production history
Manufacturer	EADS
Produced	Kormoran 1: 1973 Kormoran 2: 1991
Variants	Kormoran 1 Kormoran 2
Specifications
Weight	600 kg/630 kg
Length	4.40 m
Diameter	344 mm
Warhead	165 kg/220 kg
Engine	solid-propellant rocket motor
Operational range	23 km/35 km
Speed	Mach 0.9
Guidance system	INS/active radar
Launch platform	Aircraft: F-104G Starfighter Tornado IDS

SSM-700K Hae Sung I

SSM-700K Hae Sung I (Sea Star) Anti-ship Missile is a ship launched anti-ship cruise missile developed by the Korea Agency for Defense Development (ADD), Nex1 Future and the Republic of Korea Navy in 2003. The missiles are deployed on KDX-II and KDX-III destroyers as of 2006, each carrying 8 and 16 of the missiles respectively.

During the 1970s the Republic of Korea Navy decided to import Exocet anti-ship missiles to deter North Korean naval provocations. Considering the fact that the DPRK Navy is composed of numerous small to mid size ships, the need for a cheap small size guided anti-ship missile was proposed. In 1978 the Korean Agency for Defense Development (ADD) started the development of the Hae Ryong anti-ship missile, and by 1987 the ROK Navy approved for the mass production of the missiles. But because the Hae Ryong was fitted with a semi-active laser guidance system, limiting its tactical capability during bad weather. Additional pressure from the USA ultimately resulted in the termination of the project.

In 1990, the problem of large proportions of the defense budget going into buying anti-ship missiles from foreign countries was brought up. The ROK Navy ordered the ADD to develop a missile that was in par with or better in performance than the Harpoon Block 1C missile. The new missile was codenamed Hae Sung, and research of the following core missile technologies was started in 1996.

• Microwave Seeking System
• Inertial Navigation System
• Radio Altimeter
• Electronic Jamming system
• Turbofan Engine

After 7 years of research, on August 21, 2003, the ADD successfully test fired the Hae Sung-I and sunk the target dummy vessel. On December 20, 2005 the first production model was successfully fired from ROKS Dae Joyeong (DDH 977) KDX-II class destroyer.

Hae Sung I
Type	Anti-ship missile
Place of origin	Republic of Korea
Service history
In service	2006-present
Used by	Republic of Korea Navy
Production history
Designer	Korea Agency for Defense Development (ADD) & Nex1 Future
Designed	1996-2003
Unit cost	₩ 2,500,000,000
Produced	2004-present
Specifications
Weight	718 kg
Length	5.46 m
Width	0.34 m
Operational range	150 km
Speed	1013 km/h (Mach 0.85)

Production

33 units were delivered by 2007 for the first production phase of the missile. 100 more Hae Sung-I missiles are to be delivered to the ROK Navy by 2010.

Production Phase	Production Date	Production number	Notes
Phase 1	2005–2007	33	-
Phase 2	2008–2010	100+	-

DF-21D Anti-ship ballistic missile

The US Department of Defense has stated that China has developed and reached initial operating capability of a conventionally-armed high hypersonic land-based anti-ship ballistic missile (ASBM) based on the DF-21. This would be the world's first ASBM and the world's first weapons system capable of targeting a moving aircraft carrier strike group from long-range, land-based mobile launchers. These would combine maneuverable reentry vehicles (MaRVs) with some kind of terminal guidance system. Such a missile may have been tested in 2005-6, and the launch of the Jianbing-5/YaoGan-1 and Jianbing-6/YaoGan-2 satellites would give the Chinese targeting information from SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) and visual imaging respectively. The upgrades would greatly enhance China's ability to conduct sea-denial operations to prevent US carriers from intervening in the Taiwan Strait. A professor at the U.S. Naval War College says that carrier-killing missiles underscore that the U.S. can no longer assume naval supremacy as it has since the end of World War II.

China has recently launched a series of satellites to support its ASBM efforts:

• Yaogan-VII electro-optical satellite - 9 December 2009
• Yaogan-VIII synthetic aperture radar satellite - 14 December 2009
• Yaogan-IX Naval Ocean Surveillance System (NOSS) constellation (3 satellites in formation) - 5 March 2010.

Long Range Anti-Ship Missile (LRASM)

The Long Range Anti-Ship Missile (LRASM) is an anti-ship missile being developed by DARPA for the US Navy.

Unlike current anti-ship missiles LRASM be capable of conducting autonomous targeting, relying on on-board targeting systems to independently acquire the target without the presence of prior, precision intelligence, or supporting services like Global Positioning Satellite navigation and data-links. These capabilities will enable positive target identification, precision engagement of moving ships and establishing of initial target cueing in extremely hostile environment. The missile will be designed with advanced counter-countermeasures,to effectively evade hostile active defense systems.

LRSAM is designed to be compatible with the Vertical Launch System used on many US Navy ships.

Lockheed Martin has been awarded initial development contracts.

Naval Strike Missile NSM Norway

The Naval Strike Missile (NSM) is an anti-ship and land-attack missile developed by the Norwegian company Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace (KDA), and whose initial serial production contract was signed in June 2007. It has been chosen by the Royal Norwegian Navy for its new Fridtjof Nansen class frigates and Skjold class patrol boats. It was reported in December 2008 that NSM has been selected to be ordered by the Polish Navy.

The original Norwegian name was Nytt sjømålsmissil (literally New sea target missile); the English marketing name Naval Strike Missile was adopted later.

Naval Strike Missile Design and features

The state-of-the-art design and use of composite materials is meant to give the missile sophisticated stealth capabilities. The missile will weigh slightly more than 400 kg (880 lb) and have a range of at least 185 km (100 nm). Naval Strike Missile (NSM) is designed for littoral waters ("brown water") as well as for open sea ("green and blue water") scenarios.

Like its Penguin predecessor, Naval Strike Missile (NSM) is able to fly over and around landmasses, travel in sea skim mode, and then make random manoeuvres in the terminal phase, making it harder to stop by enemy countermeasures. While the Penguin is a yaw-to-turn missile, NSM is based on bank-to-turn flight (see Yaw (flight) and flight control).

The target selection technology provides Naval Strike Missile (NSM) with a capacity for independent detection, recognition, and discrimination of targets at sea or on the coast. This is possible by the combination of an imaging infrared (IIR) seeker and an onboard target database. NSM is able to navigate by GPS, inertial and terrain reference systems.

After being launched into the air by a solid rocket booster which is jettisoned upon burning out, the missile is propelled to its target in high subsonic speed by a turbojet sustainer engine—leaving the 125 kg multi-purpose blast/fragmentation warhead to do its work, which in case of a ship target means impacting the ship at or near the water line.

Naval Strike Missile
Type	littoral/open sea anti-ship/land attack cruise missile
Place of origin	Norway
Service history
Used by	Norway, Poland
Production history
Manufacturer	Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace
Specifications
Weight	410 kg
Length	3.95 m
Warhead	125 kg HE fragmentation
Detonation mechanism	programmable fuze
Engine	solid fuel rocket booster, Microturbo TRI-40 turbojet
Operational range	185 km +
Flight altitude	sea skimming
Speed	high subsonic
Guidance system	inertial, GPS, terrain-reference navigation, imaging infrared homing, target database
Launch platform	naval ships, land-based vehicles

Joint Strike Missile

A multi-role version of the Naval Strike Missile (NSM) is in development. This missile is called Joint Strike Missile (JSM) and will feature an option for ground strike and a two-way communications line, so that the missile can communicate with the central control room or other missiles in the air. This missile will be integrated with the Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II "Joint Strike Fighter". Studies have shown that the F-35 would be able to carry two of these in its internal bays, while additional missiles could be carried externally.

According to Kongsberg, this "multi-role NSM" is the only anti-ship missile that will fit inside the F-35's internal bays. Lockheed Martin and Kongsberg have signed a joint-marketing agreement for this air-launched version of the NSM, as well as an agreement committing both parties to integrating the JSM on the F-35 platform. The project is funded by Norway and Australia. Kongsberg signed a contract for the first phase of development of the JSM in April, 2009, which is scheduled for completion within 18 months.

Improved features for the Joint Strike Missile include:

• Ability to attack sea and land based targets
• Aerial launch platform (F-35)
• Improved range over NSM to 240km
• Long-term, production start in 2013

The JSM will have multicore computers running Integrity real-time operating system from Green Hills Software.

3M-54 Klub Russian Cruise Missile

The Russian 3M-54 Klub is a multi-role cruise missile system developed by the Novator Design Bureau(OKB-8). Its NATO reporting name is SS-N-27. Both submarine and surface ship launched versions exist. The system is designed to accept various warheads, allowing its use against surface and subsurface naval combatants along with static land targets. In one variant, the 3M-54E (Sizzler), the final stage makes a supersonic 'sprint' to its target, reducing the time the target's defense systems have to react. The 3M-54E1 subsonic missile is roughly comparable to both the American Tomahawk cruise missile and the ASROC missile but is smaller and has a shorter range.

3M-54 Klub
Type	Anti-ship missile Anti-submarine missile Land attack cruise missile
Place of origin	Russia
Service history
Used by	See users
Production history
Manufacturer	Novator Design Bureau
Specifications
Weight	Varies on variant, from 1,300 kg-1780 kg- 2300 kg
Length	Varies on variant, from 8.22 m to 6.2 m
Diameter	0.533 m
Warhead	Varies
Engine	Multi-stage Solid-Fuel rocket, Turbojet engine for 3M-54E/E1, -14E, Solid fuel rocket for 91RE1/2
Operational range	Varies on variant, maximum range is 300 km
Flight altitude	10-15 m
Speed	0.8-2.5-2.9 mach
Guidance system	Inertial + Active Radar Homing
Launch platform	naval ships, submarines

3M-54 Klub Design

The missile is a modular system, as there exist 5 different warhead and guidance systems: two anti-shipping warheads, one land attack warhead, and two anti-submarine warheads. The missile is designed to share common components between the surface and sub-launched variants with the only difference being the design of the missile launchers and the containers. An air-launched version is believed to be in development.

'Sizzler' flight

The Sizzler variant (3M-54E) flies at subsonic speeds while going supersonic as it nears its target. It is also believed to be able to perform very high angled defensive maneuvers in contrast to the common linear flight path of other anti-ship cruise missiles.

3M-54 Klub Variants

There are two major launching vehicles: the Klub-S, designed for launch from submarines, and the Klub-N, designed for launch from surface ships. These two launchers can be equipped by the following warhead and guidance combinations:

3M-54E - Anti-shipping variant, Basic length 8.22 m, with a 200 kg warhead. Range is 220 km. Sea-skimmer with supersonic terminal speed and flight altitude of 15 feet (4.6 m) at final stage(2.9 mach).

3M-54E1 - Anti-shipping variant, Basic length 6.2 m, with a 400 kg warhead. Range is 300 km. Sea-skimmer with subsonic terminal speed(0.8 mach). Allegedly capable of disabling or even sinking an aircraft carrier.

3M-14E - Inertial guidance land attack variant. Basic length 6.2 m, with a 400 kg warhead. Range is 275 km. Subsonic terminal speed(0.8 mach).

91RE1 - Submarine launched anti-submarine variant, with an anti-submarine torpedo. Basic length 8.0 m, with a range of 50 km. Supersonic speed. The torpedo has a warhead weight of 76 kg. For submarine use only. This, along with the 91RE2, are similar to the American ASROC/SUBROC missile/torpedo system. Follows a ballistic path into the surface, speed is 2.5 mach.

91RE2 - Ballistically launched anti-submarine variant, with an anti-submarine torpedo. Basic length 6.5 m, with a range of 40 km Supersonic speed. The torpedo has a warhead weight of 76 kg. For surface ship use only. The lightest of all variants, with a launch weight of 1300 kg. Speed is 2 mach.

3M-54 Klub Launch Platforms

The Russian Kilo class submarine is the primary launch platform for the missile, with the future Russian Lada class submarine and its variants also able to launch the missile. The Indian Talwar class frigate the current shipborne launch platform for this missile. The Akula class submarine can also launch this missile. The new Russian Admiral Sergei Gorshkov class frigates and the second flight of Steregushchy class corvettes use the same UKSK VLS as Talwar class frigates, and thus would be able to carry these missiles as well.

It is also believed by some analysts that an air launched variant will be developed to arm the Tu-142s currently in service with both the Russian and Indian Navy, and it is also anticipated that the Tu-22M3 operated by the Indian Navy will also be equipped with the missile. A truck mounted version is also planned for development by the Novator Design Bureau.

A Klub-K variant, which launches from commercial-appearing shipping container mounted on a truck, train, or merchant vessel, was advertised in 2010.